公益研究

社区基金是社区慈善的重要载体和基层治理的重要补充力量，但县域社区基金运营普遍面临资源依赖与内生能力不足等可持续发展困境。本文以南昌市M县Y社区基金的运营转型为例，基于资源依赖与社区赋能理论，采用质性研究方法，分析其“初创期—发展期—转型期”的演进过程。研究发现，Y社区基金运营转型以社区公共空间为载体，建立“低偿服务+会员制+项目创收”模式破解单一外部资源依赖；通过个体、组织、社区三维赋能激活居民、社工和自组织的主体性，通过政府、运营机构、居民与信任资本的多主体协同，推动社区基金由资金池转向公益+治理平台。由此形成资源重构—三维赋能—多主体协同—社区信任培育的“赋能共生”路径，实现了从外部依赖到内生赋能的转型。

Community funds serve as an important instrument for community philanthropy and a complementary force in grassroots governance. However,community funds at the county level commonly face sustainability challenges arising from resource dependence and insufficient endogenous capacity. Taking the operational transformation of the Y Community Fund in M County,Nanchang City,as a case study,this paper draws on Resource Dependence Theory and Community Empowerment Theory and adopts a qualitative research approach to examine its evolutionary process across three stages: the start-up stage,development stage,and transformation stage. The study finds that the transformation of the Y Community Fund has been built around community public spaces. By establishing an operational model combining low-fee services,a membership system,and project-based revenue generation,the fund has gradually reduced its dependence on a single source of external resources. Meanwhile,through empowerment at the individual,organizational,and community levels,it has activated the agency and participation of residents,social workers,and community-based self-organizations. In addition,multi-stakeholder collaboration involving the government,operating organizations,residents,and trust capital has facilitated the transformation of the community fund from a simple pool of financial resources into a platform integrating philanthropy and community governance. On this basis,an “empowerment symbiosis” pathway has emerged, characterized by resource restructuring, three-dimensional empowerment,multi-stakeholder collaboration,and the cultivation of community trust.